The Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002

Administered Ministry: Ministry of Finance / Department of Financial Services

Showing 41 to 60 of 61 results
Section
Section 27 Penalties.
If a default is made--

(a) in filing under section 23, the particulars of every transaction of any securitisation or asset reconstruction or security interest created by a 1[asset reconstruction company]or secured creditors; or

(b) in sending under section 24, the particulars of the modification referred to in that section; or

(c) in giving intimation under section 25, every company and every officer of the company or the secured creditors and every officer of the secured creditor who is in default shall be punishable with fine which may extend to five thousand rupees for every day during which the default continues:

2[Provided that provisions of this section shall be deemed to have been omitted from the date of coming into force of the provisions of this Chapter and section 23 as amended by the Enforcement of Security Interest and Recovery of Debts Laws and Miscellaneous Provisions (Amendment) Act, 2016 (44 of 2016).]

1. Subs. by Act 44 of 2016, s. 3, for "securitisation company or reconstruction company" (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).

2. Ins. by s. 19, ibid. (w.e.f.24-1-2020).

Section 28 [Omitted.].
[Penalties for non-compliance of direction of Reserve Bank.] Omitted by the Enforcement of Security Interest and Recovery of Debts Laws and Miscellaneous Provisions (Amendment) Act, 2016 (44 of 2016) s. 20 (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).

Section 29 Offences.
If any person contravenes or attempts to contravene or abets the contravention of the provisions of this Act or of any rules made thereunder, he shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both.

Section 30 Cognizance of offence.
3 [30. Cognizance of offences.--(1) No court shall take cognizance of any offence punishable under section 27 in relation to non-compliance with the provisions of section 23, section 24 or section 25 or under section 28 or section 29 or any other provisions of the Act, except upon a complaint in writing made by an officer of the Central Registry or an officer of the Reserve Bank, generally or specially authorised in writing in this behalf by the Central Registrar or, as the case may be, the Reserve Bank.

(2) No court inferior to that of a Metropolitan Magistrate or a Judicial Magistrate of the first class shall try any offence punishable under this Act.]

1 Subs. by Act 1 of 2013, s. 10, for section 30 (w.e.f. 15-1-2013).
Section 30A Power of adjudicating authority to impose penalty.
1[30A. Power of adjudicating authority to impose penalty.-- (1) Where any asset reconstruction company or any person fails to comply with any direction issued by the Reserve Bank under this Act the adjudicating authority may, by an order, impose on such company or person in default, a penalty not exceeding one crore rupees or twice the amount involved in such failure where such amount is quantifiable, whichever is more, and where such failure is a continuing one, a further penalty which may extend to one lakh rupees for every day, after the first, during which such failure continues.

(2) For the purpose of imposing penalty under sub-section (1), the adjudicating authority shall serve a notice on the asset reconstruction company or the person in default requiring such company or person to show cause why the amount specified in the notice should not be imposed as a penalty and a reasonable opportunity of being heard shall be given to such person.

(3) Any penalty imposed under this section shall be payable within a period of thirty days from the date of issue of notice under sub-section (2).

(4) Where the asset reconstruction company fails to pay the penalty within the specified period under sub-section (3), the adjudicating authority shall, by an order, cancel its registration:

Provided that an opportunity of being heard shall be given to such asset reconstruction company before cancellation of registration.

(5) No complaint shall be filed against any person in default in any court pertaining to any failure under sub-section (1) in respect of which any penalty has been imposed and recovered by the Reserve Bank under this section.

(6) Where any complaint has been filed against a person in default in the court having jurisdiction no proceeding for imposition of penalty against that person shall be taken under this section.

Explanation.--For the purposes of this section and sections 30B, 30C and 30D,--

(i) "adjudicating authority" means such officer or a committee of officers of the Reserve Bank, designated as such from time to time, by notification, by the Central Board of Reserve Bank;

(ii) "person in default" means the asset reconstruction company or any person which has committed any failure, contravention or default under this Act and any person incharge of such company or such other person, as the case may be, shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished under section 33 for such failure or contravention or default committed by such company or person.]

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 2016, s. 21 (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).
Section 30B Appeal against penalties.
1[30B. Appeal against penalties.--A person in default, aggrieved by an order passed under sub-section (4) of section 30A, may, within a period of thirty days from the date on which such order is passed, prefer an appeal to the Appellate Authority:

Provided that the Appellate Authority may entertain an appeal after the expiry of the said period of thirty days, if it is satisfied that there was sufficient cause for not filing it within such period.]

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 2016, s. 21 (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).
Section 30C Appellate Authority.
1[30C. Appellate Authority.--(1) The Central Board of Reserve Bank may designate such officer or committee of officers as it deems fit to exercise the power of Appellate Authority.

(2) The Appellate Authority shall have power to pass such order as it deems fit after providing a reasonable opportunity of being heard to the person in default.

(3) The Appellate Authority may, by an order stay the enforcement of the order passed by the adjudicating authority under section 30A, subject to such terms and conditions, as it deems fit.

(4) Where the person in default fails to comply with the terms and conditions imposed by order under sub-section (3) without reasonable cause, the Appellate Authority may dismiss the appeal.]

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 2016, s. 21 (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).
Section 30D Recovery of penalties.
1[30D. Recovery of penalties.--(1) Any penalty imposed under section 30A shall be recovered as a "recoverable sum" and shall be payable within a period of thirty days fromthe date on which notice demanding payment of the recoverable sum is served upon the person in default and, in the case of failure of payment by such person within such period, the Reserve Bank may, for the purpose of recovery,--

(a) debit the current account, if any, of the person in default maintained with the Reserve Bank or by liquidating the securities, if any, held to the credit of such person in the books of the Reserve Bank;

(b) issue a notice to the person from whom any amount is due to the person in default, requiring such person to deduct from the amount payable by him to the person in default, such amount equivalent to the amount of the recoverable sum, and to make payment of such amount to the Reserve Bank.

(2) Save as otherwise provided in sub-section (4), a notice issued under clause (b) of sub-section (1) shall be binding on every person to whom it is issued, and, where such notice is issued to a post office, bank or an insurance company, it shall not be necessary to produce any pass book, deposit receipt, policy or any other document for the purpose of any entry or endorsement thereof before payment is made, notwithstanding any rule, practice or requirement to the contrary.

(3) Any claim in respect of any amount, arising after the date of issue of notice under sub-section (1) shall be void as against the demand contained in such notice.

(4) Any person, to whom the notice is sent under sub-section (1), objects to such notice by a statement on oath that the sum demanded or any part thereof is not due to the person in default or that he does not hold any money for or on account of the person in default, then nothing contained in this section shall be deemed to require, such person to pay such sum or part thereof, as the case may be.

(5) Where it is found that statement made by the person under sub-section (4) is false in material particulars, such person shall be personally liable to the Reserve Bank to the extent of his own liability to the person in default on the date of the notice, or to the extent of the recoverable sum payable by the person in default to the Reserve Bank, whichever is less.

(6) The Reserve Bank may, at any time, amend or revoke any notice issued under sub-section (1) or extend the time for making the payment in pursuance of such notice.

(7) The Reserve Bank shall grant a receipt for any amount paid to it in compliance with a notice issued under this section and the person so paying shall be fully discharged from his liability to the person in default to the extent of the amount so paid.

(8) Any person discharging any liability to the person in default after the receipt of a notice under this section shall be personally liable to the Reserve Bank--

(a) to the extent of his own liability to the person in default so discharged; or

(b) to the extent of the recoverable sum payable by the person in default to the Reserve Bank, whichever is less.

(9) Where the person to whom the notice is sent under this section, fails to make payment in pursuance thereof to the Reserve Bank, he shall be deemed to be the person in default in respect of the amount specified in the notice and action or proceedings may be taken or instituted against him for the realisation of the amount in the manner provided in this section.

(10) The Reserve Bank may enforce recovery of recoverable sum through the principal civil court having jurisdiction in the area where the registered office or the head office or the principal place of business of the person in default or the usual place of residence of such person is situated as if the notice issued by the Reserve Bank were a decree of the Court.

(11) No recovery under sub-section (10) shall be enforced, except on an application made to the principal civil court by an officer of the Reserve Bank authorised in this behalf certifying that the person in default has failed to pay the recoverable sum.]

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 2016, s. 21 (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).
Section 31 Provisions of this Act not to apply in certain cases.
The provisions of this Act shall not apply to--

(a) a lien on any goods, money or security given by or under the Indian Contract Act, 1872 (9 of 1872) or the Sale of Goods Act, 1930 (3 of 1930) or any other law for the time being in force;

(b) a pledge of movables within the meaning of section 172 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 (9 of 1872);

(c) creation of any security in any aircraft as defined in clause (1) of section 2 of the Aircraft Act, 1934 (24 of 1934);

(d) creation of security interest in any vessel as defined in clause (55) of section 3 of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 (44 of 1958);

1** * * *

(f) any rights of unpaid seller under section 47 of the Sale of Goods Act, 1930 (3 of 1930);

(g) 2[any properties not liable to attachment (excluding the properties specifically charged with the debt recoverable under this Act)]or sale under the first proviso to sub-section (1) of section 60 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908);

(h) any security interest for securing repayment of any financial asset not exceeding one lakh rupees;

(i) any security interest created in agricultural land;

(j) any case in which the amount due is less than twenty per cent. of the principal amount and interest thereon.

1. Omitted by Act 44 of 2016, s. 22 (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).

2. Subs. by Act 30 of 2004, s. 17, for "any properties not liable to attachment" (w.e.f. 11-11-2004).

Section 31A Power to exempt a class or classes of banks or financial institutions.
1[31A. Power to exempt a class or classes of banks or financial institutions.--(1)The Central Government may, by notification in the public interest, direct that any of the provisions of this Act,--

(a) shall not apply to such class or classes of banks or financial institutions; or

(b) shall apply to the class or classes of banks or financial institutions with such exceptions, modifications and adaptations, as may be specified in the notification.

2[(2) A copy of every notification proposed to be issued under sub-section (1), shall be laid in draft before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days, and if, both Houses agree in disapproving the issue of notification or both Houses agree in making any modification in the notification, the notification shall not be issued or, as the case may be, shall be issued only in such modified form as may be agreed upon by both the Houses.

(3) In reckoning any such period of thirty days as is referred to in sub-section (2), no account shall be taken of any period during which the House referred to in sub-section (2) is prorogued or adjourned for more than four consecutive days.

(4) The copies of every notification issued under this section shall, as soon as may be after it has been issued, be laid before each House of Parliament.]]

1. Ins. by Act 1 of 2013, s. 11 (w.e.f. 15-1-2013).

2. Subs. by Act 44 of 2016, s. 23, for sub-section (2) (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).

Section 32 Protection of action taken in good faith.
No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall lie against 1[the Reserve Bank or the Central Registry or any secured creditor or any of its officers] for anything done or omitted to be done in good faith under this Act.

1. Subs. by Act 44 of 2016, s. 24, for "any secured creditor or any of his officers or manager exercising any of the rights of the secured creditor or borrower" (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).
Section 33 Offences by companies.
(1) Where an offence under this Act has been committed by a company, every person who at the time the offence was committed was incharge of, and was responsible to, the company, for the conduct of the business of the company, as well as the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly:

Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall render any such person liable to any punishment provided in this Act, if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he had exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where an offence under this Act has been committed by a company and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company, such director, manager, secretary or other officer shall also be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.

Explanation.--For the purposes of this section,--

(a) "company" means any body corporate and includes a firm or other association of individuals; and

(b) "director", in relation to a firm, means a partner in the firm.

Section 34 Civil court not to have jurisdiction.
No civil court shall have jurisdiction to entertain any suit or proceeding in respect of any matter which a Debts Recovery Tribunal or the Appellate Tribunal is empowered by or under this Act to determine and no injunction shall be granted by any court or other authority in respect of any action taken or to be taken in pursuance of any power conferred by or under this Act or under the Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993 (51 of 1993).

Section 35 The provisions of this Act to override other laws.
The provisions of this Act shall have effect, notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in any other law for the time being in force or any instrument having effect by virtue of any such law.

Section 36 Limitation.
No secured creditor shall be entitled to take all or any of the measures under sub-section (4) of section 13, unless his claim in respect of the financial asset is made within the period of limitation prescribed under the Limitation Act, 1963 (36 of 1963).

Section 37 Application of other laws not barred.
The provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder shall be in addition to, and not in derogation of, the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956), the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 (42 of 1956), the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (15 of 1992), the Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993 (51 of 1993) or any other law for the time being in force.

Section 38 Power of Central Government to make rules. 5 docs
(1) The Central Government may, by notification and in the Electronic Gazette as defined in clause (s) of section 2 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (21 of 2000), make rules for carrying out the provisions of this Act.

(2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:--

1[(a) other business or commercial rights of similar nature under clause (t) of section 2;]

2[(aa)] the form and manner in which an application may be filed under sub-section (10) of section 13;

(b) the manner in which the rights of a secured creditor may be exercised by one or more of his officers under sub-section (12) of section 13;

3[(ba) the fee for making an application to the Debts Recovery Tribunal under sub-section (1) of section 17;

(bb) the form of making an application to the Appellate Tribunal under sub-section (6) of section 17;

(bc) the fee for preferring an appeal to the Appellate Tribunal under sub-section (1) of section 18;]

1[(bca) the manner of integration of records of various registration systems with the records of Central Registry under sub-section (1) of section 20A;

(bcb) the terms and conditions of delegation of powers by the Central Government to the Reserve Bank under section 20B;]

(c) the safeguards subject to which the records may be kept under sub-section (2) of section 22;

(d) the manner in which the particulars of every transaction of securitisation shall be filed under section 23 and fee for filing such transaction;

1[(da) the form for registration of different types of security interests and fee thereof under sub-section (3) of section 23;]

(e) the fee for inspecting the particulars of transactions kept under section 22 and entered in the Central Register under sub-section (1) of section 26;

(f) the fee for inspecting the Central Register maintained in electronic form under sub-section (2) of section 26;

1[(fa) the form and the manner for filing particulars of transactions under sub-section (2) of section 26B;

(fb) the form and manner of filing attachment orders with the Central Registry and the date under sub-section (4) of section 26B;

(fc) the form and manner of filing particulars of attachment order with the Central Registry and the fee under sub-section (5) of section 26B;]

(g) any other matter which is required to be, or may be, prescribed, in respect of which provision is to be, or may be, made by rules.

(3) Every rule made under this Act shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule.

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 2016, s. 25 (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).

2. Clause (a) renumbered as clause (aa) by s. 25, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-9-2016).

3. Ins. by Act 30 of 2004, s. 18 (w.e.f. 11-11-2004).

Section 39 Certain provisions of this Act to apply after Central Registry is set up or cause to be set up.
The provisions of sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 20 and sections 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27 shall apply after the Central Registry is set up or cause to be set up under sub-section (1) of section 20.

Section 40 Power to remove difficulties.
(1) If any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of this Act, the Central Government may, by order published in the Official Gazette, make such provisions not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act as may appear to be necessary for removing the difficulty:

Provided that no order shall be made under this section after the expiry of a period of two years from the commencement of this Act.

(2) Every order made under this section shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament.

Section 41 Amendments to certain enactments.
The enactments specified in the Schedule shall be amended in the manner specified therein.